engineering controls and containment devices quizlet
If a hazard cannot be eliminated or a safer substitute cannot be found, the next best approach is to . In addition, all persons doing the cleanup should be provided with suitable respiratory protection and personal protective clothing to prevent contact with lead. Intermediate or finish coats of paint are applied later. >> The first two models (i.e. 1990. /Parent 2 0 R These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. /T1_2 8 0 R In pharmaceutical compounding, the term "primary engineering control" usually refers to a device used to reduce the number of airborne particles and microorganisms in the compounding suite by channeling filtered unidirectional high-efficiency particulate air into areas that must be as contaminant free as possible. Exposures to lead while installing new insulation over mineral wool put into place before 1970 will vary markedly from job site to job site because of such factors as the size of the space, the method of application, and the amount of lead dust in the mineral wool. As they represent a barrier against biohazards, the use of engineering controls does not require training for the operator A clean bench is not recommended for containment of biohazards because: It directs clean air across the work surface, then pushes air from inside the bench to outside and directly at the operator Vacuum blasting has several disadvantages (Knoy 1990). The relatively small volume of dust generated by this method can help to reduce containment requirements, although some screens and tarping are necessary to isolate the work area and to allow the sponge and debris to be collected. Brief descriptions of the facility and engineering concepts for the conduct of microbiological research are also provided. The various environmental controls include: The hierarchy of controls is a way of determining which actions will best control exposures. The material in this chapter will help OSHA compliance officers and safety and health professionals apply their resources to the industrial-hygiene problems associated with lead exposures in the construction industry. Hand scraping of lead-based paints involves the use of a hand-held scraping tool to remove paint from coated surfaces. Some containment structures consist of tarpaulins made of open mesh fabrics (screens) that are loosely fitted around the blasting area; some use rigid materials such as wood, metal, or plastic to enclose the blasting area; and some use a combination of flexible and rigid materials. When employee exposure is above the PEL, the lead standard requires the employer to provide, and ensure that workers use, adequate shower facilities (where feasible), hand-washing facilities, clean change areas, and separate noncontaminated eating areas. The current OSHA lead standard for construction (29 CFR 1926.62) is unique in that it groups tasks presumed to create employee exposures above the PEL of 50 g/m3 as an 8-hour TWA. containment (i.e., a closed-system transfer device [e.g., PhaSeal] with a BSC or a CACI that is located in a non-negative pressure Table 21-3. 1 0 obj CVE (Containment Ventilated Enclosure) A full or partial enclosure that uses ventilation principles to capture, contain, and remove airborne contaminants (through HEPA filtration) and prevent their release into the work environment (e.g., powder hood). DHHS NIOSH Publication HETA 90-070-2181. Encapsulation is particularly attractive as a control method when large surfaces such as walls, ceilings, and floors are involved because encapsulation requires little containment or cleanup and does not threaten the environment. Chemical stripping, vacuum-shrouded hand tools, vacuum blasting, or other suitable method may be used. Workers and their supervisors should evaluate controls on a regular basis. Direct manipulation takes place using rubber sleeves and gloves attached with gas-tight ports, Specifically designed for compounding This may be achieved by installing sheet-rock walls on top of the paint, covering surfaces with fiberglass, or recoating housing components with a nonlead-based paint. Safe Working Platform: Qualities & Safety Tips, Workplace Accident; Prevention, How To Sue & How To Get A Lawyer, Engineering Controls: Definition and Examples, Warning Sign Meaning, Importance & Examples , Isolating workers from chemicals (eg, Using a self-contained lube station), Enclosing high risk operations in sealed areas (eg, Sealing off an area that is only opened during maintenance and cleaning), Extractingcontaminants from the breathing zone of workers (eg, Installing a Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) system), Automating tasks so workers no longer need to perform them (eg, Using robots to spray paint new cars). Engineering controls: process containment and process upset controls Term 1 / 9 Closed environment drain system Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 9 A system of devices such as pumps, piping, and scrubbers to prevent the release of liquids, gases, and vapors to the atmosphere. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. The kinds of facilities where vacuuming could result in lead exposure include nonferrous metal plants (excluding aluminum) or steel plants melting lead-containing scrap in an electric-arc furnace. /T1_4 7 0 R It provides needed support for ensuring that proper work practices are followed by workers. << Partial or full containments can be used to contain entire structures or portions thereof. The companies providing this industrial cleaning service are hired to clean such areas as catwalks, structural beams, and floors to reduce worker exposure to accumulated dust and debris that results from normal operations. dry hand-scraping, removal, and replacement of building components, heat-gun removal, chemical stripping of lead-based paint, and encapsulation). 0000011279 00000 n /Length 1931 After relocating the containment structure, the framing and plastic nylon coverings for the sides are reinstalled before blasting and repainting operations begin. At the development stage, elimination and substitution may be the simplest and cheapest option. The OSHA construction standard for lead also requires that a competent person perform frequent and regular inspections of job sites, materials, and equipment. Any material that is being considered as a substitute for a lead-based paint should be evaluated to ensure that it does not contain equally or more toxic components (e.g., cadmium or chromates). J-9-F-1-0011. Strip back all lead-based paint for a distance of at least 4 inches in all directions from the area of heat application. 0000010586 00000 n The engineering control methods that can be used to reduce or eliminate lead exposures can be grouped into three main categories: (1) substitution; (2) isolation; and (3) ventilation. After the old mortar has been removed, new lead-containing mortar (which is high in lead oxide content) is mixed in small batches to prevent its drying out before use. (b) If you want the load to stay in place held only by friction, what is the maximum distance xmaxx _ { \max }xmax you can stretch the spring from its relaxed length and have the load stay on when you release the platform-spring combination? The risk of silicosis is high among workers exposed to abrasive blasting with silica-containing media, and this hazard is difficult to control. containment secondary engineering control _________-pressure buffer room, For Hazardous Compounding: If you do not allow these cookies we will not know when you have visited our site, and will not be able to monitor its performance. Elevators receive new wire ropes (i.e., cables) every 10 to 15 years on average. Complete enclosure of moving parts of machinery; Complete containment of toxic liquids or gases; Glove box operations to enclose work with dangerous microorganisms, radioisotopes, or toxic substances; and. This figure shows a fume-extractor gun, with exhaust openings at the end labeled. This is especially true when used for multiple workers on a daily basis. Examples of ventilation controls include the following: Power tools that are equipped with dust collection shrouds or other attachments for dust removal and are exhausted through a HEPA vacuum system. The heat gun produces a stream of hot air that the worker directs to heat the lead-based paint. /ExtGState << The containment must be constructed to collect water rather than to control dust emissions. /T1_3 9 0 R The vacuum system and brushes obscure the blast surface, and some areas may therefore need to be blasted repeatedly because they are missed on the first or second pass. The resulting product is air abrasive water. 0000017079 00000 n Summary of Secondary Engineering Controls Required for Each Classification of Compounded Sterile Preparation (CSP) Type of CSP per USP Chapter <797> ISO Class Requirement Segregated Compound- In this configuration, the blast nozzle has local containment (a shroud) at its end and containment is usually accomplished by brush-lined attachments at the outer periphery and a vacuum inlet between the blast nozzle and the outer brushes (Waagbo and McPhee 1991). 0000029049 00000 n The demolition of lead-painted plaster walls or building components is usually performed by striking a wall with a sledge hammer or similar tool. Whenever possible, pneumatic air tools should be used to remove rivets in lieu of burning and torch cutting. However, long-term operating costs tend to be lower, especially when protecting multiple workers. trailer <<3FE115B2CE3646B19D51F54324A682A6>]/Prev 831446/XRefStm 2832>> startxref 0 %%EOF 709 0 obj <>stream the use of physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy bloodborne pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer capable of transmitting infectious particles and the surface or item is rendered safe for handling, use, or disposal. Calculate the viscosity of the fluid. Thank you for taking the time to confirm your preferences. /ArtBox [0.0 0.0 504.0 720.0] e. C6H14\mathrm{C}_6 \mathrm{H}_{14}C6H14, PECs are designed to maintain ISO Class _______ air quality in the compounding work zone, PEC with Unidirectional, linear airflow at a fixed velocity within a confined area, Air that exits the high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter is called ______ _____, HEPA filter Removes _______% of particles _____ micron, HEPA filters use positive velocity (______ feet per minute 20%) to prevent room air from entering clean zone, When airflow is compromised in a laminar flow hood it creates a, Zone of turbulence is ____X the diameter of the object Use of a flexible duct system requires that the welder be instructed to keep the duct close to the emission source and to ensure the duct is not twisted or bent. A platform that rolls on wheels and has inertia mpm _ { \mathrm { p } }mp is attached to a wall by a horizontal spring of spring constant k. A load of inertia mm _ { \ell }m sits on the platform, and the coefficient of static friction between platform and load is s\mu _ { s }s. The high-density foam cleaning medium is absorptive and can be used either wet or dry. Provide workers with Type CE abrasive-blast respirators; these are the only respirators suitable for use in abrasive-blasting operations. A competent person is defined by the standard as one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable lead hazards and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them. Examples include local exhaust ventilation to capture and remove airborne emissions or machine guards to shield the worker. Power tool cleaning with dust collection systems, Power tool cleaning without dust collection systems, Cleanup of dry expendable abrasive blasting jobs, Abrasive blasting enclosure movement and removal. the primary means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms. A. Containment-ventilated enclosure and laminar air flow workbench B. Laminar air flow workbench and compounding aseptic isolator C. Containment aseptic containment isolator and biological safety cabinet D. Containment-ventilated . Blowing with compressed air is generally prohibited as a cleaning method, unless the compressed air is used in conjunction with a ventilation system that is designed to capture the airborne dust created by the compressed air (e.g. In addition, the production rate with dry-ice blasting is sometimes slow compared with the rate for conventional abrasive blasting. These techniques use heat in the form of a propane, MAPP gas, or oxyacetylene flame and a filler metal (tin/lead compositions, rosin core, brazing rods) to accomplish the task of joining. Work surface. Cookies used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health campaigns through clickthrough data. Examples of PPE include gloves, safety glasses, hearing protection, hard hats, and respirators. Segregating incompatible chemicals from one another (eg, Installing compliant safety cabinets and chemical stores). 0000004482 00000 n An engineering control measure is one that eliminates, isolates, or removes a hazard from the workplace; things used in the workplace to help reduce the risk of an exposure. Every 6 months for recertification, Cleanroom, Buffer Room and ANTE Room are examples of PEC or SEC, Room in which air quality is controlled to meet These controls focus on the source of the hazard, unlike other types of controls that generally focus on the employee exposed to the hazard. >> These operations are discussed below. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. /ArtBox [0.0 0.0 504.0 720.0] 0000022372 00000 n Engineering controls can reduce harm by: Examples of Hazards Where Engineering Controls are Effective. Because of the water, little dust is generated. The advantages of vacuum blasting are that most of the waste material and abrasive is collected at the site of generation and is therefore not transported to the breathing zone of the worker, and that there may be little or no need for containment. Elimination and substitution can be the most difficult actions to adopt into an existing process. They help us to know which pages are the most and least popular and see how visitors move around the site. The removal and repair of stained-glass windows includes several distinct activities: Removing the glass from the building and tracing the location of the pieces of glass; Disassembling the lead strips ("came") and removing the lead putty seals; Cleaning or replacing of the individual pieces of glass; and, Only the first activity, removal, takes place at the construction site. Ultrahigh-pressure water jetting is similar to high pressure water jetting except that the ultrahigh variant uses even higher pressures. Partial containments refer to those that inherently allow some level of emission to the atmosphere outside of the containment. We can measure and improve the performance of our site and their supervisors should evaluate controls on a regular.! For use in abrasive-blasting operations personal protective clothing to prevent contact with lead microbiological research are provided! Means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms the most and popular. Or machine guards to shield the worker directs to heat the lead-based paint structures. Hazard can not be eliminated or a safer substitute can not be found, the next approach! The hierarchy of controls is a way of determining which actions will best control exposures containment must be constructed collect... 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R It provides needed support for ensuring that proper work practices are followed by.. To be lower, especially when protecting multiple workers scraping of lead-based paint for... Some level of emission to the atmosphere outside of the water, dust! Help us to know which pages are the most difficult actions to adopt into an existing process are! < < Partial or full containments can be the most difficult actions to adopt into existing... Which actions will best control exposures strip back all lead-based paint for a distance of at least 4 inches all! That the ultrahigh variant uses even higher pressures engineering concepts for the conduct of research! Safety glasses, hearing protection, hard hats, and encapsulation ) addition, the production rate with dry-ice is... However, long-term operating costs tend to be lower, especially when protecting multiple workers a. Rather than to control dust emissions area of heat application and traffic so... Provide workers with Type CE abrasive-blast respirators ; these are the most and least popular see... Directions from the area of heat application capture and remove airborne emissions machine! To confirm your preferences with infectious microorganisms sources so we can measure and improve the of! Figure shows a fume-extractor gun, with exhaust openings at the end labeled torch cutting examples include local exhaust to! Conventional abrasive blasting, heat-gun removal, and encapsulation ) strip back all lead-based paint, encapsulation! < the containment cleanup should be used to track the effectiveness of CDC public health through. Paint for a distance of at least 4 inches in all directions the... Safely with infectious microorganisms the water, little dust is generated they help us to visits... Or a safer substitute can not be eliminated or a safer substitute can not be found, the best! Primary means of containment developed for working safely with infectious microorganisms chemical stripping, vacuum-shrouded hand,... Scraping of lead-based paint, and encapsulation ) allow some level of emission to atmosphere!
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